ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ

ⴰⵏⵙⵓⴼ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴰⵙⴰⵎⵓ ⵉⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⵣⵎⵔ ⴽⵓ ⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰ	ⴰⴽⵡⴰⵙ 14 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 2976 ⴰⵔ ⵖⵉⵍ ⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ 12 265 ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴰⵎⴹⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ: 43
ⴰⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ● ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵣⵉⵣⵡⵔⵏ ● ⵙⵎⵎⵓⵙⵜ ⵜⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ● ⵉⵙⵡⵉⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ ● ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ● Read in English

ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏ

ⴰⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵣⵢⵓⵎ (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ: Magnesium) ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⵏⵉⴳⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⴳⴰ "Mg", ⴱⵓ ⵡⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⴰⴱⵍⴽⴰⵎ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ 12. ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵕⵥⴰⵏ ⴰⵍⴽⴰⵍⵉ ⴰⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍ, ⴱⵓ ⵓⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵎⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⴰⵥⵕⴼⴰⵏ, ⵉⴳ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵜⴰⵎ ⴳ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵔⴽⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵏⵛⴽⵜ ⵏ 2.5%. ⵉⴳ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵜⵥⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵖⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ.ⵜⴽⴽ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵉⵍⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵏⵏⴼⵙⵉ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⵖⵢⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵀⵉⵍⵢⵓⵎ ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵖⵢⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴰⵕⴱⵓⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵜⵔⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵡⵙⵙⴰⵔⵏ. ⵉⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵣⵢⵓⵎ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴳ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵎⴰⴷ (ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜ ⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ, ⵓⴽⵙⵉⵊⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵉⴽⵓⵏ), ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵍⵉⵖ 13% ⵏ ⵜⵙⴰⴽⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ.

ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵣⵢⵓⵎ ⴰⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⵉⴳⴳⵓⵜⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵍⵏ, ⴹⴰⵕⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵚⵓⴹⵢⵓⵎ ⴷ ⵓⴽⵍⵓⵔ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵔⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⴷⴷⵔⵏ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵍⵉⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵊⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵡⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴷⵎⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴷⵔⵓⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵉⵏⵓⵣⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⵕⴼⵓⵙⴼⴰⵜ (ATP), ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵎ ⴰⵔⵙⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴰⵙⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵖⵔⴰⵙⵜ. ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵓⵔ ⵡⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 300 ⵏ ⵓⵏⵣⵉⵎ ⵉⵢⵢⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵣⵢⵓⵎ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ. ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵏⵉⵣⵢⵓⵎ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵖⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵏⵛⵜⵉⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵍⵓⵔⵓⴼⵉⵍ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵜⴳⴳⴰⵔⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⴽⵍⵓ ⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵡⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵣⵉⴳⵣⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵙⵓⴷⴼⴰⵡⵜ.

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ .ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⵚⴱⵃⴰⵏ

ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ (ⵙ ⵓⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍ ⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵉ: asddi n yiɣd) ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴼⴰⵟⵉⵎⴰ ⴼⴰⵉⵣ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2013, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ, ⵜⴰⵣⵍⵖⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ. ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵏ ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ ⴰⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵖⵏ ⵉ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⴼⴰⵟⵉⵎⴰ ⴼⴰⵉⵣ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ, ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⴼⴼⵓⵖ ⵜⵡⵛⴽⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⴷⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⴳⵣⵜ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵎⵍⵍⵓⵍ, ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2012.

ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⴰⵎⵏⴰⵕ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵉⴹⵕⵉⵚⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ. ⵜⴷⵍ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵓ ⵜⵙⵜⵉ ⴰⴽⵍⵓ ⵓⵎⵍⵉⵍ ⵉⵣⴷⴷⵉⴳⵏ. ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⵉⴼⵜ, ⴰⵔ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵉⵥⵉⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴰⵎⴽⵍⴰⵡ ⴱⵕⴰⵀⵉⵎ ⵉⴷ ⵍⵃⴰⵊⵊ, ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵉⵖⵎⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴽⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ, ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵥⵢⴰⵕⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵎⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵎⵓ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⵔⵉⵔⵉⴳ ⴰⵏⵉⵍⵉ. ⴷ ⵜⵙⵜⵉ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⴼⴰⵟⵉⵎⴰ ⴼⴰⵢⵣ ⵉ ⵜⴷⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ, ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵣⵡⵍ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵥⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵉⵏⵙⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ: ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ, ⴷ ⵏ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ; ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵏⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⵣⵍ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜ ⵉⵏⵓⵎⴰⴽ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ.. ⴷ ⵓⵣⵡⵍ ⵏ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ, ⴳⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵏⵓⵕⵥⵎ; ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⴷ, ⵉⵖⴷ. ⵜⵉⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵔⴱⴰⵏ ⵉⵏⵓⵎⴰⴽ ⵉⵏⵎⴳⴰⵍⵏ; ⴰⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵔⴱⴰ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⵙⴷⴷⵉ, ⴷ ⵓⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ⵓ ⵊⴷⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵏⴷⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵔⴱⴰ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵖⴷ.

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ .ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⵓⵙⵎⵉⴷ

ⵉⴱⵔⵥⵕⴰ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵉⵥⵕⴰⵏ ⵎⵉ ⵢⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵣⵏ ⵉⵙⴼⵍⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⴽⵙⴼⵏ ⵉⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵣⵓⵣⴰⴼ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵥⵉⵍⵉⵜ. ⴰⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴽⵓ ⴰⴱⵔⵥⵕⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⵙ ⵉⵎⵔⵏⵓⵜⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⴰⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵖⴷⵓⵖⵏ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⴷⴰⴼⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵀⴰⵍ ⵜⵉⴷⵙⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⴰⵍⵉⵜ, ⴰⵏⵉ ⴰⵏⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵥⴹⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴳⵔⵙⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵎⵎⵔⵡⴰⵙⵏ. ⴰⵀⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵓⴱⵔⵥⵕⵓ ⵅⴼ ⵡⵉⵢⴰⴹ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⴷⴰⴼ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⵏⵛⴽ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴳⵉ ⵓⵕⵎⵉⴹ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵔⵙ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵍⵙⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵢⵓⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵣⴷⴷⵓⵢ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴽⵔⵜ ⵉ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵀⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⵔⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵎⵢⴰⴳⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵯⵍⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵯⴼⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵓⵙⵖⵜ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵡⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵓⵣⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴽⵛⵛⵎⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵉⴷⵖⴷⵓⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵍⵉⴽⵓⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⵥⵕⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⴰⵀⴰ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴱⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵙ ⵇⴰⵃ ⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⵥⵕⴰ ⵙⵎⵓⵏⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⴰⵙ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵓⴳⴰⵔ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵜⵓⴼⴰⵎⴰⵍ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴰⵔⴱⵓⵏ.

ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⵥⵕⴰ ⴳ ⴷⴷⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴱⵉ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ, ⴰⵀⴰ ⵣⵎⵔⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⴰⴽⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵔⴷⴰⵙ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵉⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡⵏ, ⴰⵎ ⵜⴰⵜⴰⵔⵓⴱⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵥⵎⵕⵓⴹ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴼⴰⵎⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴷⵉ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵖⴱⵉ ⵏ 160 ⵏ ⵓⵎⵉⵜⵔ, ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴼⴼⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵎⵏⵥⴰⵥⵏ ⵉⴱⵓⵔⴽⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴷⵓⴷⵉⵢⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⴽⴰⵍⵏ. ⴷⴰⵖ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴱⵔⵥⵕⴰ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⴷⴰⵔ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵓⴼⵓⵖⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴱⵓⴹ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ, ⴰⵎ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵖⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵓⵖⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⴱⵔⵥⵕⴰ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ ⵎⵓ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⵔ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵍⵓⵎⵎⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵡⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵍⴰⵍⵍⵓ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵎⵥⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵎⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⵙⵡⴰⵜ. ⵎⴽⴷⴰ ⴷⴰ ⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵛⵉⵙⴽⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵎ ⵜⵎⴱⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵡⵔⴰⵖⵜ ⵉⵖⵓⴷⴰⵏ.

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ .ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ

ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ. ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1934 ⵙ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵟⵟⵓ, ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵜⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵜ, ⴰⵙⵓⵍⴼ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵟⵍⴰⵚ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ, ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⴰⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⵏ: ⵊⵓⵏ ⴱⵉⵏⵡⴰ ⵍⵉⴼⵉ, ⵎⴰⵕⵉ ⵉⴱⵛⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵄⴱⴷⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⴰⴳⵍⴰⵡⵡⵓ. ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⵢⴰⴼⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵉⵏⴳⵔ ⵉⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ.

ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵖ ⴰⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵏ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵙ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1934 ⵙ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵜⴰⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵜ; ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵍⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ "ⵉⵟⵟⵓ", ⵉⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵕⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ, ⵎⴰⵔⵉ ⵉⴱⵛⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵊⵓⵏ ⴱⵉⵏⵡⴰ ⵍⵉⴼⵉ , ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⵓⵍⴼ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵍⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵙⴳⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1989 ⵉⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ " ⵜⴰⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⵖ " ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵙⵙⵉ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴱⵉⵢⵣⴳⴰⵔⵏ (ⵉⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵜ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵉⴳⵉⵍⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1993), ⴰⵡⵙⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵓⵥⴰⵕ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵏ. ⵉⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵅⴼ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⵓⵔ. ⵉⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵏⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1993 ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵙⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ " ⴱⵓⵜⴼⵓⵏⴰⵙⵜ " ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴽⵔⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵎⵢⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⴰⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⴱⴰⵄⵎⵕⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵃⵓⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⴱⵓⴽⴰ. ⵉⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵜ ⵉⴷ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ " ⴳⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⴰⵔⵉⵏ ", ⵄⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⴰⵛⴽⵉⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉ.

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ . ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ

ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵎⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴽⵓⵎⴰⵏⵥ

ⵙⵜⵉ ⵜⴰⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ ⵏⵏⴽ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴳ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ . ⴰⵙⴼⵙⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ

ⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ ⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏ

ⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ . ⵥⵕ ⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ

ⵎⴰ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ?

ⵜframeless

ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵒⵉⴷⵢⴰ (Wikipedia ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ) ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵖⵣⵓⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ (291 ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ 2015). ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⵉⵡⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⵜⵉⵔⵏⵉⵜ. ⵉⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⵜ ⵊⵉⵎⵉ ⵡⵉⵍⵣ ⴷ ⵍⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⴰⵏⴳⵔ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 15 ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ 2001. ⴷ ⵙⴰⵏⵊⵔ ⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵉⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⴷ, ⵉⵙⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⵉⴱⴹⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ, "ⵡⵉⴽⵉ" ⵙ ⵓⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ⴱⵣⵔⴱⴰ ⵙ ⵓⵏⴰⵎⴽ ⵏ ⴷⴰ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⵓⵎⵍⴰⵏ ⴷⵖⵢⴰ, ⴷ "ⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ" ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ "encyclopedia". ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵃⵔⴰ ⵜⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴷⵖⵢⴰ ⵙ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴷ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵏⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ. ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 300 (ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⴹ) ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ, ⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴷⵉⴳⵙⵏⵜ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵟⵟⴰⴼ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 7 ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ. ⴳ ⵉⴷ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ, ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ 40 (ⴽⵓⵎⵔⴰⵡ) ⵉⴷ ⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴳⵔⴰⴷⵏ ⵙ 300 (ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⴹ) ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ. ⴳ ⴱⵕⴰⵢⵕ 2014 (ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⴹⵏ ⴷ ⴽⴽⵓⵥ ⴷ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ) ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵢⵥⵕⴰ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ 18 ⵉⴷ ⵎⵍⵢⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ 500 ⵉⴷ ⵎⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵔⴳⴰⴱⵏ ⴽⵔⴰⵢⴳⴰⵜⵜ ⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ.

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ . ⵖⵔ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ

ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⵓⵎⵙⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 19 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓⵣ 2026, ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⵛⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵉ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⴽⴰⴷⵉⵎⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ.
ⵀⴰⵏ ⵙⵢⵓⵏⴳ ⵙⵓⴽ ⵜⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⴰⵔⵙⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵙⵙⵉⵖⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⴽⵓⵔⵢⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵏⵥⵓⵍ, ⵃⵓⵎⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵖⵓⵍ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵟⵟⵓⴹⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵎⵥⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵙⵓⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ.
ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵚⴱⴰⵏⵢⴰ ⵜⵓⵡⵉ ⴰⴽⵔⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵎⴰⵢⴷ ⵜⵏⵔⴰ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵊⵓⵏⵜⵉⵏ ⵙ 1 - 0 ⵏⵏⴰ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ ⵓⵎⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⴼⵉⵕⴰⵏ ⵟⵓⵕⵉⵚ.
ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ "ⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ" ⵢⵓⵡⵉ ⵚⴹⵉⵚⵜ ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵓⴳⵍⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵜⵥⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎ, ⵢⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⵎⵓⴼⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴰⵎⵓⴼⴰⵢ ⵉ ⴱⵓⵍ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵏⴷⵔⵙⵓⵏ.

ⵔⵏⵓ ⴰⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙ . ⵜⵉⵎⵃⴹⵉⵜ

ⴰⵎ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ

ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵔ ⴳ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ: 27 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ.

1513: ⴰⵙⴷⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⴰⵣⵎⵎⵓⵔ ⵙⴳ ⴱⵔⵜⵇⵉⵣ.
2007: ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵙ ⵍⴱⵚⵕⵉ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙ ⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵡⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ.

ⵉⵏⵖⵎⵉⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ: 26 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ● 27 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ ● 28 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ

ⵜⵉⵎⵃⴹⵉⵜ ● ⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ ● ⵜⴰⵍⴳⴰⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ

ⴰⵙⵙ ⴰⴷ: ⴰⴽⵡⴰⵙ 27 ⵖⵓⵛⵜ 2026 (ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⴷⴰⵢ) ● ⵙⵙⴰⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⴽⴽⴰⵢ

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ

ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ

	ⵉⵍⵙ ⵉⵏⵓ ⵇⵏⴹ ⴰⵡⴰ ⵉⵡⴰⵍⵉⵡⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵍⴰⵎⵡⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵣⵣⴰⵔ ⴰⵖ ⵜⵍⵍⵉⵜ
—ⴰⵏⵣⵉ ⴰⵛⵍⵃⵉ

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ

ⵉⵙ ⵜⵙⵙⵏⴷ?

... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏⵙⵜⵓⵏ ⵜⵛⵔⵜⵛⵉⵍ (ⴷⴳ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵜ) ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⵙⵙⵉⵖⴼ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⵙⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵢⵓⵎⵥⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1953?
... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴽⵡⵉⴽⵏⵀⵓⴼ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⴰ, ⴷ ⵜⵓⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⴷⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ?
... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⴰⵍⴰⵜⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵔⴳⵏ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵉⵏⴽⵔ ⵢⵉⵎⵏⵖⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴹⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵙⵔⴳ ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵎⵎⵓⵜⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 3000 ⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ?
... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵍⵀⵍⵎⵓⵙ ⵓ ⵏⴰⵙⴰⵡ ⴰⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⵉ, ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵔⵉⵔⵏ ⴳ 1574, ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⵣⵍⵉ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵇⴱⵔⵏ ⴷⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ?
... ⵎⴰⵙ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵣⵍⵍⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵉⴼ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵏⵡⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ 100 ⴰⵔ 400 ⵏ ⵓⵎⵍⵢⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵜⵔⵉ, ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵍⵍⴰⵏⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵎⵜⵉⵡⴳ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⵜⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ 3 ⵏ ⵓⵜⵔⵉⵍⵢⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⴳⵜ?
... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⴼⵜⴰⵙ/ⵎⵕⵚⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵟⴰⵏⵊⴰ ⴳ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵜⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴼⵜⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵔⵉⵇⵜ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ ⴰⴳⵔⴰⴽⴰⵍ?
... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⴰⵙⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵛⵉⴼⵢⵉⵍⴷ ⵓ ⵏⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵇⴱⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴹⴰⵕ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵥⵍⵉⵏ ⴷⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵓⵍ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵙ ⵖⵉⵍⴰⴷ?
... ⵎⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵎⴰⵕⵉ ⴽⵓⵔⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵢⵓⵡⵉⵏ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵏⵓⴱⵍ, ⴷⴳ ⵜⴼⵉⵣⵉⴽⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1903 ⴷ ⵜⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1911?

ⵔⵏⵓ ⵓⵎⵍⵉ . ⵜⵉⵎⵃⴹⵉⵜ

ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ

ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵢ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵓⴼⴼⴰⵢ, ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥⵏ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵏ ⵏⴰⵔⴰ ⵙ

ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵢⵜ:

ⵉⵎⴷⵢⴰⵜⵏ : ⴰⵥⵕⵓ, ⵉⵥⴹⴰⵕ.

ⵜⴰⵖⴹⴼⵜ ! : ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ (ⵖ, ⵅ, ⵇ) ⴷⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⴼⴼⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⵓⵔⵜ ⵉ ⵜⴳⵓⵔⵉ, ⵙ ⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉ ⵉⵙⴽⴽⵉⵍⵏ (ⵔ, ⵙ), ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵡⵉ : ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵉ, ⵜⴰⵅⵙⴰⵢⵜ, ⵉⵖⵉⵔⴷⵎ.

ⵉⵎⵉⴷⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ

ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴰⵔⵉⴷ: ⵉⵙ ⵜⴷⴷⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵏⵎⵍ?.
ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵔⴰ: ⵉⵙ ⵜⴷⴷⵉⴷ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ?.
ⵎⵉⵏⵣⵉ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵓⵔ ⴷⴰ ⴰⵙ ⵉⵟⵟⴰⵕ ⵓⵖⵔⵉ ⴰⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢ (ⵉ) ⴳ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⵓⵣ; ⴷⴰ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⵔⴰ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵏⵉⵜ.

ⵡⵉⴽⵉⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ · ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ

ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ

ⵀⴰⵔⵉ ⵙⵜⵔⵓⵎⵔ (1946 - 2026) ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏ.

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ ● ⴰⵎⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ

ⴰⵎⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓ

ⴰⵡⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴱⵓⵖⵍⵓ ⵏ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵣⵔⴽ ⵙ ⵓⵢⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵉ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ ⴰⴳⵍⴷⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵏⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ. ⵎⴽ ⵜⵓⴼⵉⴷ, ⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵏⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵜⵎⵣⴰⵔⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛ. ⵎⴽ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⵏⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵓⵙⵔⴷ ⵜⵉⵡⵉⵙⵉ, ⵥⵕ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵙⵇⵙⴰⴷ ⵉⵏⵙⵎⵔⴰⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵡⵡⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵉⵙⵉ

ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⴷⵉⴳⵙ 12 265 ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ, ⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵣⵎⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴷ. ⵉⴳ ⵜⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵉⵙⵙⴰⵏⴷ ⵉⵙ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵔⵉⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⴰⴷ (ⵉⵖⵢ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ) ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵀⵓ, ⵙⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵔⵣⵣⵓ. ⵉⴳ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ, ⴰⵔⴰ ⵉⵙⵎ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⴳⵔⴰⴷ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵏⵉⵇⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵣⴷⴷⴰⵔ, ⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴹⴼⴰⵕⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⴰⵍⴰⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵍⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⴳⵜ.

ⵙⵙⵏⴼⵍ . ⵥⵕ ⵉⴼⵉⴷⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵡⵉⴽⵉⴱⵉⴷⵢⴰ

ⵉⵙⵏⵜⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⵢⵜⵎⴰⵜⵏ